NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 6

Human resource: Human resource is the ultimate resource. Healthy, educated and motivated people develop resources as per their requirements. Human resources like other resources are not equally distributed over the world. They differ in their educational levels, age and sex. Their numbers and characteristics also keep changing. The way in which people are spread across the earth surface is known as the pattern of population distribution. More than 90 per cent of the world’s population lives in about 10 per cent of the land surface. The distribution of population in the world is extremely uneven.

Population density is the number of people living in a unit area of the earth’s surface. It is normally expressed as per square km. The average density of population in the whole world is 45 persons per square km. South Central Asia has the highest density of population followed by East and South East Asia.

Nature’s bounty becomes significant only when people find it useful. People can be used according to demands and abilities that’s why they are term as ‘resources’. Also, the Healthy, educated and motivated people develop resources as per their requirements.

The following factors influences for the location of an industry: Geographical Factors: Good and favourable topography, availability of fresh water resources, pleasant climate and fertile soil are the some geographical factor affecting the density of population. Social and Cultural Factors: Areas of better housing, better opportunities of health and education are more populated. Places of religious and cultural significance also increase the density of population. Economic Factors: Places having more industries, proper transportation system, communication facilities, etc. provides more changes of employments and attracts the people for their living.

The world population has grown very rapidly because of increasing medical facilities and available of employments due to industrialization. Simply, increasing birth rate and decreasing death rates increasing the population rapidly.

The birth rate, death rate and migration are the main factors that influence the change of population. When the birth rate increases and death rate decreases the population increases. When the two rates are equal, population remains balanced. So, birth and death rates affect the balance of population.

Population composition consists of data about number of male – female, population divided in different age group. It also maintain the records about literate – illiterate population and their occupation, health condition, level of income, etc.

The graphical representation of population composition of a country is known as population pyramids. It shows the present number of males and females with their age groups. The age group distribution of population tells us the number of dependents and economically active individuals present in the population.

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