NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 4 MCQ
Updated on October 29, 2022, 4:38 AM
by Tiwari Academy
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 4 MCQ Change and Development in Rural Society with solutions of exercises questions for session 2024-25. Students of 12th Sociology can learn here with Social Change and Development in India chapter 4 multiple choice questions.
Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 4 MCQ Explanation
Q1
During land rule, the Zamindari system caused……to stagnate & decline.
[A]. Agricultural Production
[B]. Industrial Production
[C]. Government Land
[D]. None of these
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
One of the first reasons for the reason for stagnation in India’s agricultural sector was the zamindari system. This agricultural system was mainly practiced in Bengal, which was the then capital of British India. As per this method, the bulk of the profits went to land owners, i.e. zamindars rather than cultivators. As a result, the colonial bosses ultimately made the foremost income, while such farmers weren’t remunerated adequately. These zamindars, who were vassals of their colonial masters, didn’t help to enhance the agriculture sector but only wanted to reap its benefits.
Now’s the only most vital resource & variety of property in rural society.
[A]. Personal Land
[B]. Agricultural Land
[C]. Panchayat Land
[D]. Government Land
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Agricultural land is that the single most significant resource and type of property in rural society.Rural society is that the fundamental basis of human civilization and culture. People that reside in urban areas they’re mainly the migrants from the agricultural areas. So geographic area or village is that the well-spring of our culture and civilization.
……………imposed the upper limit on the number of land that may be owned by a selected family.
[A]. Land Ceiling Laws
[B]. Agrarian Laws
[C]. Raiyatwari system
[D]. Zamindari System
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Imposing limits on the number of agricultural land that a family can hold is termed ceilings onto land holdings.Land over the ceiling is defined because the surplus land. In simple words, ceilings ashore holdings fix the utmost limit that a personal can hold.
Immediately after Independence four important components of reform were thought of as major policy interventions in building the land policy. These included: (1) the abolition of intermediaries; (2) tenancy reforms; (3) fixing ceilings onto land holdings; and (4) consolidation of landholdings. These were taken in phases thanks to the necessity to determine a political will for his or her wider acceptance. By 1960, the entire process of legal enactment of the abolition of intermediaries was completed. This was the foremost successful component of the lander form process.
With regard system of land settlement actual cultivators’ and not zamindars were liable for paying the tax.
[A] Zamindari System
[B] Iqta System
[C] Mahalwari System
[D] Royatwari System
Solution:
[D] Royatwari System
This system of land revenue was instituted within the late 18th century by Sir Thomas Munro, Governor of Madras in 1820. This was practised within the Madras and Bombay areas, also as Assam and Coorg provinces. During this system, the peasants or cultivators were considered the owners of the land.They had ownership rights, could sell, mortgage or gift the land.The taxes were directly collected by the govt from the peasants.
The rates were 50% in dryland and 60% within the wetland.The rates were high and in contrast to the Permanent System, they were hospitable being increased.If they did not pay the taxes, they were evicted by the govt. Ryot means peasant cultivators.
Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 4 MCQ with Answers
Q5
The …………… was the time within which agricultural production increased significantly as a results of new inventions.
[A]. Globalization
[B]. Revolution
[C]. Modernization
[D]. Land Reforms
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Green revolution, great increase in production of food grains (especially wheat and rice) that resulted in large part from the introduction into developing countries of latest, high-yielding varieties, beginning within the mid-20th century. Its early dramatic successes were in Mexico and therefore the Indian subcontinent. Reduced labor time, higher yields, and also the efficient use of resources are driving the large-scale adoption of the technology. Farmers now use automated harvesters, drones, autonomous tractors, seeding, and weeding to remodel how they cultivate their crops. The technology takes care of menial and recurring tasks, allowing them to concentrate on more critical functions.
Which of the subsequent is/are the characteristics of the agricultural labour?
[A]. They work for others
[B]. They’re more often paid less wages I.e. below the statutory minimum wages
[C]. They own no land of their own
[D]. All the above
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
They usually get low wages, conditions of labor put an excessive burden on them, and therefore the employment which they get is extremely irregular. Agricultural workers constitute the foremost neglected class in Indian rural structure. Their income is low and employment irregular.There are various main features of agricultural labour. A farmer is a bonded or semi-free worker, landless, or dwarf-holder. They typically obtain low salaries, work conditions are very hard on them, and also the jobs they get are very irregular. A crucial a part of Indian rural society is those who work on farms.
Revolution Programmes were introduced only in areas that had ……….
[A]. Industrial location
[B]. Assured irrigation
[C]. Availability of war material
[D]. Sanitation facilities
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
The revolution in India was first introduced in Punjab within the late 1966-67 as a part of a development program issued by international donor agencies and therefore the Government of India. During nation Raj, India’s grain economy hinged on a unilateral relation of exploitation. The revolution started within the year 1965. It had been the primary time when High Yield Variety seeds were introduced in Indian Agriculture. The most aim of revolution was to form India self- sufficient when it came to food grains.
The period between 1991 – 2003 was considered the Golden revolution period because, during this era, the investment planned within the horticulture segment became highly productive. India became the planet leader within the production of a spread of fruits like coconut, mangoes, cashew nuts and more. The arena emerged as a sustainable livelihood option and have become the second-largest producer of vegetables and fruits. Economic conditions of the many farmers who were engaged in horticulture improved thus improving the livelihood for several underprivileged classes.
The method within which the rich grew richer & many of the poor stagnated or grew poorer is thought as ….
[A] Land Reforms
[B] Differentiation
[C] Globalization
[D] Revolution
Solution:
[B] Differentiation
Differentiation could be a method of finding the derivative of a function. Differentiation may be a process, in Maths, where we discover the instantaneous rate of change in function supported one in all its variables. The foremost common example is that the rate change of displacement with reference to time, called velocity. The other of finding a derivative is anti-differentiation.
Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 4 Multiple Choice Questions
Q9
Father of white revolution in India
[A]. Mahatma Gandhi
[B]. Dr. Vehgese Kurien
[C]. Tribhuvandas Patel
[D]. Anand
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Verghese Kurien, called the “Father of the White Revolution” in India, was a social entrepreneur whose “billion-litre idea”, Operation Flood, made dairying India’s largest self-sustaining industry and also the largest rural employment sector providing a 3rd of all rural income.
The laws that impose upper limit on the quantity of land which will be owned by a selected family is thought so long as
[A]. Land Ceiling Act
[B]. Rayatwari System
[C]. Abolition of Zamindari system
[D]. Tenancy Abolition & Regulation Act
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Imposing limits on the number of agricultural land that a family can hold is termed ceilings onto land holdings.Land over the ceiling will be defined because the surplus land. In simple words, ceilings ashore holdings fix the most limit that a private can hold.
Why in most regions of India, women are excluded from ownership of land?
[A]. Thanks to the patrilineal kinship system & mode of inheritance
[B]. Because they’re weak
[C]. Because they’re incapable
[D]. All of those
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
The Government of India enacted the 2005 Hindu Succession Amendment Act (HSAA), which ensured an equal share in ancestral property for men and ladies. A large global literature shows that owning land would enhance a women’s well-being, improve children’s health and education, reduce violence, raise farm productivity, increase family food security, and empower women socially and politically.
Which yojna was initiated by the government. Regarding the transformation of rural development?
[A]. Deen Dyal Upadhayaya Gram Jyoti Yojna
[B]. Gram Uday se Bharat Uday Abhiyaan
[C]. National Urban benefits
[D]. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojna
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY) could be a rural development project launched in 2014 by the govt of India within which each Member of Parliament will take the responsibility of three villages and appearance after the non-public, human, social, environmental and economic development of the villages. Rural Transformation could be a process of comprehensive societal change whereby rural societies diversify their economies and reduce their reliance on agriculture; become keen about remote places to trade and to amass goods, services, and ideas.
Women are emerging because the main source of jack. Which is usually termed as if of agricultural force?
[A] Feminisation
[B] Masculinisation
[C] Women workforce
[D] None of those
Solution:
[A] Feminisation
In sociology, feminization is that the shift in gender roles and sex roles in an exceedingly society, group, or organization towards attention upon the female. It may also mean the incorporation of ladies into a gaggle or a profession that was once dominated by men. Agriculture is a crucial engine of growth and poverty reduction. But the arena is under performing in many countries partly because women, who are often a vital resource in agriculture and also the rural economy, face constraints that reduce their productivity.
Class 12 Sociology Part 2 Chapter 4 Important MCQs
Q13
Many of the working poor were tied to landowners in ‘hereditary’ labour relationships (bonded labour) such as____ System in Gujarat.
[A]. Jotdaar
[B]. Iqta
[C]. Halpati
[D]. Gahapati
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
The Halpati are found mainly within the Gujarat state of India. Minor populations are found in surrounding states and union territories. They’re also called Talvia or Talvi Rathode. The Halpati are found mainly within the Gujarat state of India.
In class System Headman of the village collected the tax
[A]. Mahalwari System
[B]. Zamindari System
[C]. Royatwari System
[D]. Iqta System
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
In the Mahalwari system, land was divided into ‘Mahals’ or ‘Taluks’. Tax was collected from each Mahal by the village headman. However, the corporate officials demanded more tax than fields could produce.
Which of the subsequent is/are ‘hereditary’ labour relationships (bonded labour)
[A]. Jeeta system
[B]. Halpati system
[C]. Both [A] and [B]
[D]. None of the above
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Bonded Labour could be a system within which borrowers are forced to repay their loans through labour. Here, the employers give loans at very high-interest rates. Because the loan amounts to be repaid are unreasonably high, the time required to pay off is extremely large, thereby creating a positive feedback of generational inequality.
Bonded Labour is additionally called Bandhua Mazdoori or Debt Bondage in India. At a worldwide level, India was ranked in 4th position within the 2016 Global Slavery Index.
In rural areas, there’s a fancy system between caste and …….
[A]. Religion
[B]. Community
[C]. Class
[D]. Family
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
In rural areas, there’s a posh relationship between caste and sophistication. This relationship isn’t always straightforward. We would expect that the upper castes have more land and better incomes. Which there’s a correspondence between caste and sophistication together moves down the hierarchy.
Which statement is correct regarding Ceiling Acts?
[A] Ceiling relied on the productivity of land.
[B] Limits to be imposed on the ownership of land.
[C] Both [A] and [B]
[D] Neither [A] nor [B]
Solution:
[C] Both [A] and [B]
Land ceiling laws have proved to be unsatisfactory and Identified land for distribution has not been distributed thanks to charge against it are true.