NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources (खनिज और शक्ति संसाधन) to Study online in English Medium updated for new academic session 2020-21 following the new NCERT Books.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter 3

Class:	8
Subject:	Social Science – Geography
Chapter 3:	Mineral and Power Resources

Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 Question Answers

CBSE NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science Geography Chapter Mineral and Power Resources is given below to download free in PDF form updated for new academic session 2020-21. Download these solutions for offline use or use as it is without downloading online.

8th Geography Chapter 3 Question Answers

What do yuu mean by Minerals?

Minerals:
A naturally occurring substance that has a definite chemical composition is a mineral. Minerals are not evenly distributed over space. Some minerals are found in areas which are not easily accessible such as the Arctic Ocean bed and Antarctica. Minerals are formed in different types of geological environments, under varying conditions. They can be identified on the basis of their physical properties such as colour, density, hardness and chemical property such as solubility. They are created by natural processes without any human interference.

What is open-cast mining?

The process of taking out minerals from rocks buried under the earth’s surface is called mining. Minerals that lie at shallow depths are taken out by removing the surface layer; this is known as open-cast mining.

What is shaft mining?

Deep bores, called shafts, have to be made to reach mineral deposits that lie at great depths. This is called shaft mining.

What do you understand by drilling during mining?

Petroleum and natural gas occur far below the earth’s surface. Deep wells are bored to take them out, this is called drilling.

What is quarrying?

Minerals that lie near the surface are simply dug out, by the process known as quarrying.

Important Notes on 8th Geography Chapter 3

Distribution of Mineral in India
1. Bauxite: Major bauxite producing areas are Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
2. Iron: India has deposits of high grade iron ore. The mineral is found mainly in Jharkhand, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
3. Manganese: India’s manganese deposits lie in Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
4. Limestone: Major limestone producing states in India are Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu.
5. Mica: Mica deposits mainly occur in Jharkhand, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan. India is the largest producer and exporter of mica in the world.
6. Copper: It is mainly produced in Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
7. Gold: Kolar in Karnataka has deposits of gold in India. These mines are among the deepest in the world which makes mining of this ore a very expensive process.
8. Salt: It is obtained from seas, lakes and rocks. India is one of the world’s leading producers and exporters of salt.

Important Questions on 8th Geography Chapter 3

Name any three common minerals used by you every day.

Salt, aluminum and iron.

What is an ore? Where are the ores of metallic minerals generally located?

Minerals rich in a particular element that can be extracted profitably is known as ores. Minerals occur in different types of rocks. Generally, metallic minerals are found in igneous and metamorphic rock formations that form large plateaus. While others occur in sedimentary rocks.

Name two regions rich in natural gas resources.

Russia, Norway, UK and the Netherlands are the regions in the world rich in natural gas. In India Jaisalmer, Krishna Godavari delta, Tripura and some areas off shore in Mumbai are rich in natural gas.

Which sources of energy would you suggest for (a) rural areas (b) coastal areas (c) Arid regions.

The sources of energy according to area are as follows:
(a). Rural Areas: The biogas is one of the best sources of energy as per its availability and cost.
(b). Coastal Areas: Hydel and tidal energy.
(c). Arid Regions: Wind and solar energy as per speed of air and availability of sunlight.

Give five ways in which you can save energy at home.

The way to save energy at home are as follows:
Switch on the appliances (bulb, fans, AC, etc.) only on requirement.
Using led bulbs and tube which provides more light consuming less energy.
Use efficient cooking or heating devices.
Prevent leakage of electricity to save energy.
Switching off all electrical objects in an empty rooms.

Which one of the following is NOT a producer of mica? (a) Jharkhand (b) Karnataka (c) Rajasthan (d) Andhra Pradesh

(b) Karnataka

Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world? (a) Bolivia (b) Ghana (c) Chile (d) Zimbabwe

Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams. Why?

Building a dam faces a lot of environmental issues given below:
It creates an imbalance in the Earth’s equilibrium leading earthquake threats.
Large area of vegetation submerged under the water.
Vegetation under the water decay under anaerobic condition realising greenhouse gases.
Flood threats loom large.
A huge population become displaced.

Why are most industries concentrated around coal mines?

Coal is used as main source of energy in most of the industries that is why the most industries are concentrated around coal mines saving the cost of transportation of coal.

Petroleum is referred to as “black gold”. Give reason.

The crude form of petroleum is thick and black. It is sent to refineries which process the crude oil and produce a variety of products like diesel, petrol, kerosene, wax, plastics and lubricants. Petroleum and its derivatives are called Black Gold as they are very valuable.

Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.

Quarrying can become a major environmental concern because it may destroy the humus of soil which is much required for the growth of plants. It produces a lot of noise pollution due to use of explosives in order to break the huge chunks of rocks. During this process a lot of dust is also generated which causes air pollution.