How do we detect the smell of an agarbatti (incense stick)?

Updated by Tiwari Academy
on November 17, 2023, 6:32 AM

When we smell an agarbatti (incense stick), odor molecules released into the air reach the nostrils and dissolve in the mucus within. These molecules stimulate olfactory receptors in the olfactory epithelium. The receptors send signals to the brain’s olfactory bulb, which interprets these signals as the distinct fragrance of the incense.

Let’s discuss in detail

Detection of Incense Fragrance: The Initial Encounter

When an agarbatti (incense stick) is lit, it releases a variety of aromatic compounds into the air. These compounds, in the form of tiny odor molecules, begin their journey towards our olfactory system as the incense burns. The process of detecting the smell starts when these molecules are inhaled and enter the nasal passages.

Interaction with Olfactory Epithelium

Inside the nasal cavity, these odor molecules dissolve in the mucus lining the olfactory epithelium, a small patch of tissue at the base of the nasal cavity. This epithelium is packed with millions of olfactory receptors, which are specialized sensory cells. Each receptor is equipped to detect certain types of odor molecules.

Activation of Olfactory Receptors

When an odor molecule binds to its corresponding receptor, it triggers a biochemical reaction. This reaction generates a nerve impulse in the olfactory receptor cells. Each type of odor molecule has a unique shape and set of chemical properties, allowing our olfactory system to distinguish a wide range of different smells, including the distinct fragrance of an agarbatti.

Transmission of Signals to the Brain

These nerve impulses are then transmitted to the olfactory bulb, a structure located just above the nasal cavity and below the frontal lobe of the brain. The olfactory bulb acts as a relay station, processing the signals and then sending them to various regions of the brain, including the olfactory cortex, the limbic system, and other areas responsible for perception and identification of smells.

Perception and Recognition of the Fragrance

In these brain regions, the signals are interpreted as a specific smell. The unique fragrance of the agarbatti, with its complex blend of scents, is recognized and often associated with memories or emotions. This entire process, from the inhalation of odor molecules to their recognition in the brain, happens almost instantaneously, allowing us to enjoy and identify the aroma of the incense stick.