Class 8 Science Chapter 3 MCQ

Here, all these statements are correct. Hence, your answer will be option [D].

Petroleum was formed by the decomposition of the remains of tiny plants and animals buried under the sea millions of years ago.

Resources which are present in unlimited quantity in nature are called in-exhaustible natural resources.

Coke is not a constituent of petroleum. Coke is prepared by heating coal in the absence of air.

Oxygen in air is an exhaustible natural resource. The natural resources which are present in unlimited quantity in nature and are not likely to be exhausted by human activities are called “inexhaustible natural resources”. Examples of inexhaustible natural resources are: sunlight, air, water. They last forever. The resources which are present in a limited quantity in nature and can be exhausted by human activities are called “exhaustible natural resources”. The example of exhaustible natural resources is: coal, petroleum and natural gas, mineral, forest and wildlife etc. They do not last forever.

Coal is the substance obtained by carbonization. Rest of all statements are correct. Hence, your answer will be option [D].

Sunlight, air and water are the examples of inexhaustible nature resources. There is a never ending in nature and they can be used again and again. But coal, petroleum and natural gas are non-renewable resources of energy. By using or exhausted, no more supply of these fuels will be available in the near future.

Coal is formed by the carbonization of dead vegetation.

Coal gas, coal tar and coke are called products of coal. These products are obtained when coal is heated in the absence of air. This is because if coal is heated in the presence of air, then coal burns to produce mainly carbon dioxide gas and no other useful products obtained. The strong heating of coal in the absence of air is called destructive distillation of coal. And coal gas is a gaseous fuel which is obtained by the strong heating of coal in the absence of air during the process of coal to get coke.

Coal is formed by the decomposition of large land plants and trees buried under the earth about 300 million years ago.

Here, all these statements are correct. Hence, your answer will be option [D].

Fossil fuels are obtained from the remains of living organisms (plants and animals) buried under the earth millions of years ago. Note: Coal, Petroleum and Natural gas are fossil fuels.

Bitumen is used for road surfacing. It is also used for water-proofing the roofs of building. Bitumen is used in making black paints.

Exhaustible natural resources are present in limited quantity in nature and can be exhausted by human activities. Note: Coal, petroleum and natural gas, minerals, forest and wildlife, etc. are exhaustible natural resources.

The most common fuel used in homes is liquefied petroleum gas because it is obtained from petroleum and it is liquefied by compression before filling into the gas cylinders. Liquefied Petroleum Gas consists mainly of butane. LPG burns easily and it does not produce any poisonous gas on burning. LPG burns with a smokeless flame and hence does not cause air pollution.

In the oil refinery, crude petroleum oil is refined into different useful fractions. The separation of petroleum called “fractional distillation”. In another words, fraction of petroleum which having different boiling point ranges are collected separately. The various useful fractions obtained by the refining of petroleum are: gas, petrol, kerosene, diesel, lubricating oil, paraffin wax etc.

Wildlife and minerals are exhaustible natural resources because these resources are present in a limited quantity in nature and can be exhausted by human activities.

The major component of LPG and CNG are butane and methane respectively.

Here, all these statements are correct about fossil fuel. Hence, your answer will be option [D].

Sunlight, air and water are inexhaustible natural resources that means which cannot be exhausted by human activities.

Sunlight, air and water are the examples of inexhaustible nature resources. There is a never ending in nature and they can be used again and again. But coal, petroleum and natural gas are non-renewable resources of energy. By using or exhausted, no more supply of these fuels will be available in the near future.

Minerals, water and soil are the natural resources but plastic is a man-made material. So, plastic is not a natural resource.

Coke is prepared by heating coal in the absence of air. Coke is mainly used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals. Such as iron, zinc etc. Coke is used in the manufacturing of Steel.

Coal tar is black liquid which have unpleasant smell and obtained from coke. Although, coal tar is a not a single compound, it is a mixture of 200 types of carbon compounds. Such as, benzene, naphthalene, phenol etc.

The world’s first oil well was drilled in Pennsylvania, USA, in 1859. Eight years later, in 1867, oil was stuck at Makum in Assam. In India, oil is found in Assam, Gujarat, Mumbai High and in the river basins of Godavari and Krishna.