Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) of Heredity. All the objective questions are important for examination point of view. Practice science chapter 8 of class 10 here with these MCQs and score better in all exams. All the MCQs are taken from NCERT Textbooks issued for new academic session 2025-26.

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ Online Test

Class: 10Science
Chapter: 8Heredity
Contents:MCQ Online Tests with Answers and Explanation
Academic Session:CBSE 2025-26

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ with Answers for 2025-26

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ Online Test with solutions and answers. All the questions are taken from NCERT intext part as well as exercises section. Answers and explanation are also taken from NCERT Books for Class 10 Science only.

Q1

Read the following sentences carefully, and choose the incorrect one:

[A]. British scientist J.B.S. Haldane suggested in 1829 that life must have developed from the simple inorganic molecules.
[B]. It has been established by research that the earliest members of the human species came from Africa.
[C]. All human beings are a single species called “Homo sapiens”.
[D]. None of the above
Q2

Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that

[A]. Reptiles have evolved from birds
[B]. There is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds
[C]. Feathers are homologous structures in both the organisms
[D]. Birds have evolved from reptiles
Q3

The theory of evolution of species by natural selection was given by

[A]. Mendel
[B]. Darwin
[C]. Morgan
[D]. Lamarck
Q4

Kiran is completed her science chapter where she wrote some statements on “Darwin’s theory”. She wants to know whether the statements are correct or not? Kiran wants to take help from you:

[A]. Variations when accumulated over a long period of time, lead to the origin of a new species.
[B]. Even though all species produce a large number of offspring, populations remain fairly constant naturally.
[C]. The fit individuals possessing favorable variation to survive and reproduce, called natural selection or survival of the fittest.
[D]. All the above.
Q5

In peas, a pure tall plant (TT) is crossed with a short plant (tt). The ratio of pure tall plants to short plants in F2 is

[A]. 1 : 3
[B]. 3 : 1
[C]. 1 : 1
[D]. 2 : 1
Q6

In a quiz competition, you are asked a question where you have to choose the statement which is/ are incorrect?

[A]. The changes in the non-reproductive body cells of an organisms cannot be inherited by its offspring.
[B]. A trait or characteristic of an organism which is “not inherited” but develops in response to the environment is called an acquired trait.
[C]. A trait of an organisms which is caused by a change is in its genes or DNA is called an inherited trait.
[D]. The acquired traits of organisms can be passed on to their future generations.
Q7

The two versions of a trait (character) which are brought in by the male and female gametes are situated on

[A]. Copies of the same chromosome
[B]. Two different chromosomes
[C]. Sex chromosomes
[D]. Any chromosome
Q8

A Mendelian experiment consisted of breeding tall pea plants bearing violet flowers with short pea plants bearing white flowers. The progeny all bore violet flowers, but almost half of them were short. This suggested that the genetic make-up (or genotype) of the tall parent can be depicted as:

[A]. TTWW
[B]. TTww
[C]. TtWW
[D]. TtWw
Q9

Recently, in a science class test, you are asked a question where you have to say whether the statements are correct or not?

[A]. The characteristics or traits of parents are transmitted to their progeny (offspring) through genes present on their chromosomes during the process of sexual reproduction.
[B]. The genes which dominate other genes are called dominant genes and the genes which get dominated are called receive genes.
[C]. The progeny inherits two genes for each trait from its parent but the traits shown by the progeny depends on which inherited gene is dominant of the two.
[D]. All the above
Q10

Consider the following statements and choose the incorrect one:

[A]. The characteristics or traits in animals including human beings, are also transmitted from the parents through genes by the process of sexual reproduction.
[B]. Mother is responsible for the sex of the baby boy or girl which is born.
[C]. The process by which the sex of a person is determined is called sex determination
[D]. The chromosomes which determine the sex of a person are called sex chromosomes.
Q11

Which of the following statements is not true with respect to variation?

[A]. All variations in a species have equal chance of survival
[B]. Change in genetic composition results in variation
[C]. Selection of variants by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary processes.
[D]. Variation is minimum in asexual reproduction
Q12

If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of earth, then we can predict that

[A]. The extinction of organism has occurred recently
[B]. The extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago
[C]. The fossil position in the layers of earth is not related to its time of extinction
[D]. Time of extinction cannot be determined
Q13

Select the correct statement

[A]. Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are homologous
[B]. Tendril of a pea plant and phylloclade of Opuntia are analogous
[C]. Wings of birds and limbs of lizards are analogous
[D]. Wings of birds and wings of bat are homologous
Q14

A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?

[A]. Carrot and potato
[B]. Carrot and tomato
[C]. Radish and carrot
[D]. Radish and potato
Q15

Select the incorrect statement

[A]. Frequency of certain genes in a population change over several generations resulting in evolution
[B]. Reduction in weight of the organism due to starvation is genetically controlled
[C]. Low weight parents can have heavy weight progeny
[D]. Traits which are not inherited over generations do not cause evolution
Q16

Zygote which has an X-chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a

[A]. Boy
[B]. Girl
[C]. X- chromosome does not determine the sex of a child
[D]. Either boy or girl
Q17

In human males all the chromosomes are paired perfectly except one. This/these unpaired chromosomes is/are

[A]. Large chromosome, and small chromosome
[B]. Y-chromosome
[C]. Y-chromosome, and X-chromosome
[D]. Small chromosome, and X-chromosome
Q18

If a round, green seeded pea plant (RR yy) is crossed with wrinkled, yellow seeded pea plant, (rr YY) the seeds produced in F1 generation are

[A]. Round and yellow
[B]. Round and green
[C]. Wrinkled and green
[D]. Wrinkled and yellow
Q19

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

[A]. For every hormone there is a gene.
[B]. For every protein there is a gene.
[C]. For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
[D]. For every molecule of fat there is a gene
Q20

The sex of a child is determined by which of the following?

[A]. The length of the mother’s pregnancy
[B]. The length of time between ovulation and copulation
[C]. The presence of and X chromosome in an ovum
[D]. The presence of a Y chromosome in a sperm
Q21

Which of the following may be used to obtain an F2 generation?

[A]. Allowing flowers on a parent plant to be self-pollinated
[B]. Allowing flowers on an F1 plant to be self-pollinated
[C]. Cross-pollinating an F1 plant with a parent plant
[D]. Cross-pollinating two parent plants
Q22

In order to ensure that he had pure-breeding plants for his experiments, Mendel:

[A]. Cross-fertilised each variety with each other
[B]. Let each variety self fertilise for several generations
[C]. Removed the female parts of the plants
[D]. Removed the male parts of the plants.
Q23

Priya is writing some statements, choose the incorrect statement and help him:

[A]. The differences in the characters among the individuals of a species is called variation.
[B]. The free earlobes and attached earlobes are the two variations found in human population.
[C]. The significance of a variation shows up only if it continues to be inherited by the offspring for several generations.
[D]. The great disadvantage of variation to a species is that it increases the chances of its survival in a changing environment.
Q24

Recently, in a science class test, you are asked a question where you have to say whether the statements are correct or not?

[A]. Genes are actually units of heredity which transfer characteristics from parents to their offspring during reproduction.
[B]. Chromosome is a thread like structure in the nucleus of a cell formed of DNA which carries the genes.
[C]. A gene is a unit of DNA on a chromosome which governs the synthesis of one protein that controls a specific characteristic of an organism.
[D]. All the above
Q25

Which of the following statement is or are correct?

[A]. Gregor Mendel was the first scientist to make a systematic study of patterns of inheritance which involved the transfer of characteristics from parents to progeny.
[B]. The gene which can decide the appearance of an organism only in the presence of another identical gene is called a recessive gene.
[C]. The gene which decides the appearance of an organism even in the presence of an alternative gene is known as dominant gene.
[D]. All the above

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Which type of traits can be inherited as in Class 10 Science chapter 8?

Those Variations, which arise during the process of reproduction, can be inherited.

What is meant by heredity according to 10th Science chapter 8?

Transfer of traits from parents to offspring is called heredity.

How do we determine the age of fossil explained in 10th Science NCERT Chapter 8?

There are two components to determine the age. One is, if we dig into the earth and start finding fossils, it is reasonable to suppose that the fossils we find closer to the surface are more recent than the fossils we find in deeper layers. The second way of dating fossils is by detecting the ratios of different isotopes of the same element in the fossil material.

What are fossils as in Class 10 Science Chatper 8?

When a living being dies and the dead body gets caught in hot mud, for example, it will not decompose quickly, and the mud will eventually harden and retain the impression of the body parts of the living being. All such preserved traces of living organisms are called fossils.

Last Edited: April 26, 2023