Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions) of Heredity. All the objective questions are important for examination point of view. Practice science chapter 8 of class 10 here with these MCQs and score better in all exams. All the MCQs are taken from NCERT Textbooks issued for new academic session 2025-26.

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ Online Test

Class: 10Science
Chapter: 8Heredity
Contents:MCQ Online Tests with Answers and Explanation
Academic Session:CBSE 2025-26

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ with Answers for 2025-26

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 MCQ Online Test with solutions and answers. All the questions are taken from NCERT intext part as well as exercises section. Answers and explanation are also taken from NCERT Books for Class 10 Science only.

Q1

Read the following sentences carefully, and choose the incorrect one:

[A]. British scientist J.B.S. Haldane suggested in 1829 that life must have developed from the simple inorganic molecules.
[B]. It has been established by research that the earliest members of the human species came from Africa.
[C]. All human beings are a single species called “Homo sapiens”.
[D]. None of the above
Q2

Consider the following statements and choose the incorrect one:

[A]. The process by which new species develop from the existing species is known as specification.
[B]. A species is a population of organisms consisting of similar individuals which can breed together and produce fertile offspring.
[C]. Geographical isolation is the major factor in the specification of sexually reproduce reproducing animals because it interrupts the flow of genes between their isolated population through the gametes.
[D]. None of the above
Q3

The theory of evolution of species by natural selection was given by

[A]. Mendel
[B]. Darwin
[C]. Morgan
[D]. Lamarck
Q4

The number of pair (s) of sex chromosomes in the zygote of humans is

[A]. One
[B]. Two
[C]. Three
[D]. Four
Q5

Which of the following statement is or are correct?

[A]. The most accepted theory of evolution is the “Synthetic Theory of Evolution” in which the origin of species is based on the interaction of “genetic variation” and “natural selection”.
[B]. The complex body organs of animals such as “eyes” have been created in “stages” over many generations.
[C]. When farmer opted for the arrested flower development of wild cabbage plant, it leads to the production of another variety of cabbage called “Broccoli”.
[D]. All the above
Q6

Select the statements that describe characteristics of genes:

[A]. Genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule, and a gene does not code for proteins
[B]. Genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule, and In individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome
[C]. Genes are specific sequence of bases in a DNA molecule, and each chromosome has only one gene
[D]. In individuals of a given species, a specific gene is located on a particular chromosome, each chromosome has only one gene
Q7

From the list given below, select the character which can be acquired but not inherited

[A]. Colour of eye
[B]. Colour of skin
[C]. Size of body
[D]. Nature of hair
Q8

According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to

[A]. Sudden creation by nature
[B]. Accumulation of variations over several generations
[C]. Clones formed during asexual reproduction
[D]. Movement of individuals from one habitat to another
Q9

Consider the following statements and choose the incorrect one:

[A]. The characteristics or traits in animals including human beings, are also transmitted from the parents through genes by the process of sexual reproduction.
[B]. Mother is responsible for the sex of the baby boy or girl which is born.
[C]. The process by which the sex of a person is determined is called sex determination
[D]. The chromosomes which determine the sex of a person are called sex chromosomes.
Q10

Select the group which shares maximum number of common characters

[A]. Two individuals of a species
[B]. Two species of a genus
[C]. Two genera of a family
[D]. Two genera of two families
Q11

Which of the following statements is not true with respect to variation?

[A]. All variations in a species have equal chance of survival
[B]. Change in genetic composition results in variation
[C]. Selection of variants by environmental factors forms the basis of evolutionary processes.
[D]. Variation is minimum in asexual reproduction
Q12

If the fossil of an organism is found in the deeper layers of earth, then we can predict that

[A]. The extinction of organism has occurred recently
[B]. The extinction of organism has occurred thousands of years ago
[C]. The fossil position in the layers of earth is not related to its time of extinction
[D]. Time of extinction cannot be determined
Q13

A basket of vegetables contains carrot, potato, radish and tomato. Which of them represent the correct homologous structures?

[A]. Carrot and potato
[B]. Carrot and tomato
[C]. Radish and carrot
[D]. Radish and potato
Q14

Two pea plants one with round green seeds (RRyy) and another with wrinkled yellow (rrYY) seeds produce F1 progeny that have round, yellow (RrYy) seeds. When F1 plants are selfed, the F2 progeny will have new combination of characters. Choose the new combination from the following

[A]. Round, yellow and Round, green
[B]. Round, yellow and Wrinkled, green
[C]. Round, green and Wrinkled, yellow
[D]. Round, yellow, and Wrinkled, yellow
Q15

New species may be formed if:

[A]. DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cell, and Chromosome number changes in the gamete
[B]. DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells and There is no change in the genetic material.
[C]. Chromosome number changes in the gamete, and there is no change in the genetic material, and mating does not take place
[D]. DNA undergoes significant changes in germ cells, and chromosome number changes in the gamete, and there is no change in the genetic material
Q16

The maleness of a child is determined by

[A]. The X chromosome in the zygote
[B]. The Y chromosome in zygote
[C]. The cytoplasm of germ cell which determines the sex
[D]. Sex is determined by chance
Q17

Which of the following statement is incorrect?

[A]. For every hormone there is a gene.
[B]. For every protein there is a gene.
[C]. For production of every enzyme there is a gene.
[D]. For every molecule of fat there is a gene
Q18

Two pink colored flowers on crossing resulted in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of the cross will be

[A]. Double fertilization
[B]. Self-pollination
[C]. Cross fertilization
[D]. No fertilization
Q19

Exchange of genetic material takes place in

[A]. Vegetative reproduction
[B]. Asexual reproduction
[C]. Sexual reproduction
[D]. Budding
Q20

The sex of a child is determined by which of the following?

[A]. The length of the mother’s pregnancy
[B]. The length of time between ovulation and copulation
[C]. The presence of and X chromosome in an ovum
[D]. The presence of a Y chromosome in a sperm
Q21

Which of the following may be used to obtain an F2 generation?

[A]. Allowing flowers on a parent plant to be self-pollinated
[B]. Allowing flowers on an F1 plant to be self-pollinated
[C]. Cross-pollinating an F1 plant with a parent plant
[D]. Cross-pollinating two parent plants
Q22

In order to ensure that he had pure-breeding plants for his experiments, Mendel:

[A]. Cross-fertilised each variety with each other
[B]. Let each variety self fertilise for several generations
[C]. Removed the female parts of the plants
[D]. Removed the male parts of the plants.
Q23

Priya is writing some statements, choose the incorrect statement and help him:

[A]. The differences in the characters among the individuals of a species is called variation.
[B]. The free earlobes and attached earlobes are the two variations found in human population.
[C]. The significance of a variation shows up only if it continues to be inherited by the offspring for several generations.
[D]. The great disadvantage of variation to a species is that it increases the chances of its survival in a changing environment.
Q24

Recently, in a science class test, you are asked a question where you have to say whether the statements are correct or not?

[A]. Genes are actually units of heredity which transfer characteristics from parents to their offspring during reproduction.
[B]. Chromosome is a thread like structure in the nucleus of a cell formed of DNA which carries the genes.
[C]. A gene is a unit of DNA on a chromosome which governs the synthesis of one protein that controls a specific characteristic of an organism.
[D]. All the above
Q25

Which of the following statement is or are correct?

[A]. Gregor Mendel was the first scientist to make a systematic study of patterns of inheritance which involved the transfer of characteristics from parents to progeny.
[B]. The gene which can decide the appearance of an organism only in the presence of another identical gene is called a recessive gene.
[C]. The gene which decides the appearance of an organism even in the presence of an alternative gene is known as dominant gene.
[D]. All the above

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Which type of traits can be inherited as in Class 10 Science chapter 8?

Those Variations, which arise during the process of reproduction, can be inherited.

What is meant by heredity according to 10th Science chapter 8?

Transfer of traits from parents to offspring is called heredity.

How do we determine the age of fossil explained in 10th Science NCERT Chapter 8?

There are two components to determine the age. One is, if we dig into the earth and start finding fossils, it is reasonable to suppose that the fossils we find closer to the surface are more recent than the fossils we find in deeper layers. The second way of dating fossils is by detecting the ratios of different isotopes of the same element in the fossil material.

What are fossils as in Class 10 Science Chatper 8?

When a living being dies and the dead body gets caught in hot mud, for example, it will not decompose quickly, and the mud will eventually harden and retain the impression of the body parts of the living being. All such preserved traces of living organisms are called fossils.

Last Edited: April 26, 2023