on October 11, 2022, 3:12 AM
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life updated for new academic session 2023-2024. Class 12 Chemistry intext and exercises question answers are given here in Hindi and English Medium with concept video of all important topics.
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16
Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 Chemistry in Everyday Life Question Answers
Chemistry in Everyday Life
The principles of chemistry have been used for the benefit of mankind. Think of cleanliness — the materials like soaps, detergents, household bleaches, tooth pastes, etc. will come to your mind. Look towards the beautiful clothes — immediately chemicals of the synthetic fibres used for making clothes and chemicals giving colours to them will come to your mind.
Food materials — again a number of chemicals about which you have learnt in the previous Unit will appear in your mind. Of course, sickness and diseases remind us of medicines — again chemicals. Explosives, fuels, rocket propellents, building and electronic materials, etc., are all chemicals. Chemistry has influenced our life so much that we do not even realise that we come across chemicals at every moment; that we ourselves are beautiful chemical creations and all our activities are controlled by chemicals.
Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 MCQ
Which one of the following is antihistamine?
An ester used in medicine is
0.2% solution of phenol is an
Which of the following is analgesic?
Drugs
Drugs are chemicals of low molecular masses (~100 – 500u). These interact with macromolecular targets and produce a biological response. When the biological response is therapeutic and useful, these chemicals are called medicines and are used in diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases. Most of the drugs used as medicines are potential poisons, if taken in doses higher than those recommended. Use of chemicals for therapeutic effect is called chemotherapy.
Classification of Drugs
Drugs can be classified mainly on criteria outlined as follows:
- (A) On the basis of pharmacological effect
- (B) On the basis of drug action
- (C) On the basis of chemical structure
- (D) On the basis of molecular targets
12th Chemistry Unit 16 Multiple Choice Questions
Amoxillin is a semi-synthetic modification of
The drug Tagamet is
Which of the following is used as a preservative to protect processed food?
Enzymes as Drug Targets
The attractiveness of enzymes as drug targets results not only from the essentiality of their catalytic activity but also from the fact that enzymes, by their very nature, are highly amenable to inhibition by small molecular weight, drug-like molecules. The drug target enzyme as:
- (A) Catalytic action of enzymes
- (B) Drug-enzyme interaction
Receptors as Drug Targets
Receptors are proteins that are crucial to body’s communication process. Majority of these are embedded in cell membranes. Receptor proteins are embedded in the cell membrane in such a way that their small part possessing active site projects out of the surface of the membrane and opens on the outside region of the cell membrane.
Antacids
Over production of acid in the stomach causes irritation and pain. In severe cases, ulcers are developed in the stomach. Until 1970, only treatment for acidity was administration of antacids, such as sodium hydrogencarbonate or a mixture of aluminium and magnesium hydroxide. However, excessive hydrogencarbonate can make the stomach alkaline and trigger the production of even more acid. Metal hydroxides are better alternatives because of being insoluble, these do not increase the pH above neutrality. These treatments control only symptoms, and not the cause.
Neurologically Active Drugs
Tranquilizers and analgesics are neurologically active drugs. These affect the message transfer mechanism from nerve to receptor.
Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 16 Important Questions
What is the use of chemistry in everyday life?
Chemistry has always been a part of human life, from a morning cup of tea to medicines chemical reaction shows its presence. Drugs which are chemical with ~ 100 – 500u molecular mass helps in sustaining life. This chemical composition interrelates with the macromolecular objective to produce a biological response.
Why chemistry is important in medicine?
Major contributions to health care have been made by chemistry. The development of new drugs involves chemical analysis and synthesis of new compounds. Many recent television programs advertise the large number of new drugs produced by chemists.
What are food preservatives? Name two such substances.
Food preservatives are chemical substances that are added to food materials to prevent spoilage and to retain their nutritive value for long periods. For example, sodium benzoate, potassium metabisulphite.
Antibiotics
Antibiotics are used as drugs to treat infections because of their low toxicity for humans and animals. Penicillin is the most widely prescribed of all antibiotics, usually in the form of amoxicillin.
Antiseptics and disinfectants
Antiseptics and disinfectants are also the chemicals which either kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms. Examples are furacine, soframicine, etc.
